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Wednesday, December 28, 2016

Amedikallu Trek near Shishila December 2016

Amedikallu is rough name given to this peak wrt the appearance of the boulders at the top. Aame  means Tortoise in Kannada & Tulu. Dikallu means Stove. Whatever the name, the stone formations are just a beautiful sight and it leaves a lasting image within your mind as to how tiny you are to the universe. It's not the peak which we conquered but it's the peak which conquered us with its natural beauty and toughness to cover the trail.

Amedikallu can be reached from Bangalore -- Hassan -- Gundya Cross -- Kokkada -- Shishila. Shishila is the start point of the trek where we can start our hike with the guide.




We were a group of 10 and it was a big lively team and went on Dec 10/11th 2016
Aravind
Sumanth
Deepti
Aniruddh
Rajeev
Bharath
Chethan
Abhilash
Goutham
And yours truly Anantha

We took the KSRTC sleeper bus to Kokkada ( Dharmastala) on the Friday night and were blessed with a conductor who had anger management issues. He literally made us jump off the bus at 5:15 in the morning. It was a good morning wake up. From Kokkdada to Shishila we had booked a Jeep run by Suresh, who came within 15 minutes. Suresh : 9480059423

There were 2 people in the jeep and us 10, while we were wondering how all of us can get in, he managed to push all of us into the jeep (sort off ). He was literally sitting outside of the jeep and driving, while my legs too were out of the jeep. It was a warm up session of the cold chilly night we would face up the peak.

Shishila is 20kms from Kokkada and there are limited facilities in this village. There is a hotel run by Shekhar who arranges for breakfast lunch or dinner and also packs food for the trek. He also has 2 rooms that can be used to freshen up. The rooms are neat. He can be contacted in advance for making these arrangements. Shekhar : 8762921154

By 7 00, our guide Chenappa turned up. He is truly a warm hearted person and with the way he smiled and communicated, made us feel at ease with the person who is going to guide us for the trek. He gave us a rough plan of the hike and what we needed to pack for the stay at the top

Some dipped in the kapila river for a bath while the rest used the attached bathroom to freshen up. Shishila is a religious place with a temple for Shishilanatha and Matsya. Fish are abundant here which are revered and worshipped. We had the darshan of the lord and moved towards having our breakfast



Breakfast was served with Idli & Mangalore buns accompanied with Chutney Sambhar. It was kind of unlimited, had our fill.

The base to Amedikallu is about 6kms from Shishila, hired 2 autos to reach to our destination, mid way went to Chenappa’s house to get the vessels required for cooking in the night. His house is a small yet complete in all senses. 2 dogs welcome you with loud barks as not to enter. The home is mangalore tile one which keeps it cool. Has a nice front yard to relax, arecanut are put to dry around the house, hens walking all around with his arecanut farm behind his home.


All done and set, to enter the forest from the base point. All of us rearing to take the plunge into the forest route, we were quick to start off and the excitement was in our voices,  we nudged through a fairly open route initially and the starting looked good. Slowly the forest terrain began to get tough, good inclination and the team slowed down yet there is nothing that could put us down. All of us marched through the forest trail some gasping for breath while some looked ever so cool.



At some point Chenappa said, if you want to refill your water bottles do it here, by this time the water we had in our bottles had nearly been empty. while we were wondering where the source is, he just pulled out a water pipe(installed by villagers for their water needs) from the forest floor and asked us to refill. This was the point, where real mineral water entered the body, it was just so pure the body needed some time to get used to the taste. Every drop was just so tasteful. Yeh dil mange more but cannot carry too much water, just adds to the weight.

We moved on and reached the grass lands and could clearly see the Amedikallu peak from this point. The sheer height, inclination and distance did send out a message to my mind “How insignificant are we to the universe“, YES!! It gets philosophical at many edges.



From this point onwards it was more of a uphill task, the trail was through the grass lands and the having worn hiking shorts, the blades of the grass are good enough to make a cut if the angles are correct. Many minute cuts on my legs and hands, better to wear jeans in such a situation. The temperature and the sun beating us down did not help our cause. Apples, Citrus fruits, Nutrition bars were giving us the much needed energy to keep going.

There is a water source midway and we had our lunch there and refilled. Every drop was such joy !! I guess these treks give you lessons to learn to appreciate smallest of things which we ignore in our day to day life. Our lunch was Pulav packed from Shekar’s hotel. Our heads were still looking up to see how far we need to go and we moved on.

By 3:00 we reached a place called vaikuntapura, which has a big boulder shade, and a water source nearby, however due to drought this year, this water source was completely dry. We moved on, but from this point onwards the trail was also not clearly marked, Chenappa was asking us to move to a point and we trudged through the thick grass to make it to that point. At one point, while I was about to take the next step, a green snake just slid through the grass. Every step is important and be careful to land your foot.



The trail started to get more tough with inclinations reaching 50 degrees quite easily. When we reached near the final peak, a big mammoth wall of rock atleast 200 ft in height welcomed us. Its sheer size and volume held me in awe of its beauty, solid black rock nearly 90 degrees. We had to go around the base of this mammoth rock face to make an ascent. This was tough as it was through a forest cover, steep terrain and loose stones. It took us some time to make a circle and come to one place where we could make the final push to the peak.



Finally we were on the top of the peak by 5 30 in the evening. Amedikallu was captured. Wait did we capture Amedikallu or did Amedikallu capture us, guess the latter is true. There is a survey stone put by the British to mark it as the highest peak in the region, close by you can see another peak Yettina Bhuja. Ombattu gudda, Udayagiri parvata, Minchkallu, Devaramane. The sights were awesome and the camera’s went shuttering away.



The tents were put up and by this time it was kind of dark as well. We started off to cook our dinner, these were MTR ready to eat food packets which needed to be boiled in hot water. Maggi was also cooked and it never tasted better than having it piping hot in the coldness engulfing the place.



By this time, we were aware of news that there was a forest DFO/SFO who would be visiting this peak and in no terms could we be seen by them. Chennapa made it very clear that we had to start very early in the morning and ensure by 10AM we had to reach a point where we needed to take a detour to escape being caught. We got up early and by 7 we started our descent down. Chenappa was very helpful in making the descent easy for team members who found it difficult to climb down at pace.

Mid way he showed us another path to get down and this route was far more steeper than the ascent and it was not used by people in usual situation, but this time chit chats helped to cover the route. Finally we touched base by 2 30 in the afternoon.


Just to infuse more energy,  boys called in a running race and it was fun running after just finishing the trek. We cooled off in the kapila river which is flowing right behind the Guide’s home,had freshly made soup just by the river side and headed to Shishila.

In Shishila, Shekar served us lunch at 4 30 J and we were just cooling off with our jokes and amusements while having tea, coffee and masala soda. By 6 we headed to dharmastala and having the darshana of  Lord Manjunatha, we boarded our bus back to our destinations.

It is better to have a guide to this trail and the knowledge of these mountains does help laymen like us also it gives them some sort of revenue. Chenappa with his in & out knowledge of the mountains is a perfect choice to be hired as a guide and also his stories about treks are a good learning. He can be contacted here
Chenappa : 9481735895

Thursday, October 27, 2011

Tejomaya The LED bulb : Next Gen of LED lighting

Wave Design Systems proudly presents it's new innovation, Tejomaya LED bulb.

It's the Next Gen of LED technology which gives as much or more brightness than a conventional CFL or Incandescent bulb with the cost of operation being most negligible. It hardly consumes 25mA of current and gives out light as much as a 20W CFL. (20W CFL consumes nearly 100mA). WDS believes in a greener future and this is a small step in the making.

Wave Design Systems has used innovative yet simple circuitry to power up the LED strings which consists of 38 LED's in total. The light source is available in Cool White , Pure White & Warm white colour spectrums.

Our LED bulbs will fit in normal electrical sockets that you fill find in your homes.

Buy Tejomaya LED Bulb immediately, enquire with me on placing the order, costs for the same. Promote us, promote LED lighting, Help yourself  & the nature by going green.

For people who are laymen to calculate how much is the cost to run the normal CFL and also to  who would like to know more on the power calculations, I have given a small table to understand the benefits of LED lighting .With this i am sure, You will find that running a regular bulb is insanely expensive!



Tejomaya LED bulb
CFL (Any brand )
Incandescent
LIFE
50000 -100000 hrs
5000-10000 hrs
2000 hrs
Wattage
4W
20W
60W
kW of electricity for 50000 hrs
200kW
1000kW
3000kW
Electricity Cost  @Rs3.2/kWH
Rs. 640
Rs. 3200
Rs. 9600
Bulbs required
1
5
25
Expense for using the bulb for 50000 hrs
Rs. 640
Rs. 16000
Better not told !
Aprx 2.4 lac
Cost / Piece
Rs. 150
~ Rs. 200 * 5 = 1000
Rs. 15 * 25 = 375
Total cost = Buying  cost + operating cost
150 + 640 = ~Rs 800
1000 + 16000 = Rs. 17000
375 + 2.4 lac = Rs. 2.4 lac

Well then what would be your monthly expense of using this bulb ?
For 12 hours/day usage you spend 15 paisa .. Yes it's just 15 Paisa .   
For the whole month you send 15paisa * 30 = Rs 4.50 / bulb

Isn't this saving energy as well as money !!!


A small conversion Tip !

50000 hours is approx 6 years continuous usage of 24 hours
Other way of putting it is
50000 hours is Approx 12 years with usage of 12 hours / day

1 Unit of Electricity is 1kWH

Advantages of LED Lighting at home. Please read till end.

Advantage 1 - As you will discover when you read anything about LED light bulbs is that they last a lot longer. Today most LED bulbs could be used continuously for around 50,000 hours before the need to replace. Plus you will discover that you have to spend very little if anything on maintaining those lighting once installed.

Advantage 2 - These types of lights are able to producing a wide variety of colored lighting a lot more efficiently compared to conventional lighting sources. Plus as those lights produce color on a lot narrower wavelength the color produced by them is much more consistent and richer. Also there is more opportunities for be able to mix colors.

Because of this these types of light bulbs are perfect for using in houses to create lighting affects or to accent a room. Thus of course ensuring that you make an atmosphere within a room in your home that you, your family and guests will find much more inviting.

Advantage 3 - Also you'll find that an LED light bulb does not have any UV or IR in its spectrum. Thus if you've any delicate objects within your home that you want to show off to their full this could be done using such lighting without it causing any harm to it.

Advantage 4 - We all know that these kinds of bulbs use very little energy to produce the light they emit. But they also make very little heat and thus the risk of them breaking is significantly reduced. Also these lights are an excellent deal stronger compared to conventional bulbs and thus are much more resistant to damage when they are knocked or dropped.

Advantage 5 - These types of light bulbs use very little electricity and thus save money, natural resources and is green for the system. Very much recommended in these days of energy starved homes in India


Advantage 6 - If you've someone in your home who suffers from any form of photo reactive illness installing LED light bulbs could help to alleviate their problems. In some cases it may prevent the chance of a seizure occurring. This is because when you do turn on these kinds of lights unlike CFL or fluorescent ones they do not flicker. Plus as the light they produce is constant then when you're sat reading a book for example far less strain is being placed on your eyes. And the big Plus is NO NOISE or any EMI inteference


For any questions feel free to write to me : wavedesignsystems@gmail.com



Wave Design Systems




Monday, October 10, 2011

FAQ's on UPS

Wave Design Systems believes a greener future is a must for our children and thus sustains it's effort to make the world pollution free. Wave Design systems designs and manufactures UPS from 100VA to 3000VA for varied applications for homes and small offices.  These UPS systems are powered by Solar Energy to charge the battery banks using the Sophisticated WPTO Charger system which can charge the battery banks even during cold, foggy cloudy conditions.  Please read the WPTO Controller FAQ for more information.


An FAQ is presented for people who are new to UPS and inverter technology and as well as for many who use UPS at homes but would like to know more.

Q: Glossary: Terms used in the FAQ
Blackout
Complete loss of power. Some literature considers a voltage drop below about 80V to be a blackout as well since most equipment will not operate below these levels.
Sag or Brownout
Decrease in voltage levels which can last for periods ranging from fractions of a second to hours. Can be caused by heavy equipment coming on line such as shop tools, elevators, compressors etc. Also occurs when utility companies deliberately do this to cope with peak load times.
Spike
An tremendous increase in voltage over a very short period of time often caused by a direct lightning strike on a power line or when power returns after a blackout.
Surge
An substantial increase in voltage lasting a small fraction of a second, often caused when high powered appliances such as air conditioners are switched off.
EMI/RFI Noise
ElectroMagnetic Interference and Radio Frequency Interference. Caused by, inter alia, lightning, generators, radio transmitters, industrial equipment.
MOV
Metal Oxide Varistors are added to circuits in order to control spikes. These are common in Power Strips. If you see more than two, you likely have a fairly decent Power Strip. They look like largish disk capacitors.
Inverter
Circuitry that converts DC battery power to AC power required by most computer equipment.
Surge Protector
Circuitry consisting of MOVs, capacitors, rod-core inductors etc. for suppressing surges and spikes usually embedded in a power strip.
Line Conditioner
A transformer that attempts to smooth out fluctuations in input voltage to provide near uniform output voltage or voltage waveform. 

TOPIC: What is a UPS and how does is work

Q: What is a UPS?
A: An Uninterruptible Power Supply is a device that sits between a power supply (e.g. a wall outlet) and a device (e.g. a computer) to prevent undesired features of the power source (outages, sags, surges, bad harmonics, etc.) from the supply from adversely affecting the performance of the device.

Q: How do you pronounce "UPS"?
A: Many pronounce it "ups", but most of the literature seems to favor "you pee ess", since they use "a UPS" instead of "an UPS". This document will try to follow the literature. Neither pronunciation will get you laughed at by those who are experienced in the field.


Q: How can it help you ?
A: A UPS has internal batteries to guarantee that continuous power is provided to the equipment even if the power source stops providing power. Of course the UPS can only provide power for a while, typically a few minutes, but that is often enough to ride out power company glitches or short outages. Even if the outage is longer than the battery lifetime of the UPS, this provides the opportunity to execute an orderly shutdown of the equipment.

Advantages:
1. Computer jobs don't stop because the power fails.
2. Have Electricity at home for all applianaces just like normal KPTCL supply
3. Equipments like Tubelights, Fans, TV's grinders, Pump's continue to work normally
4. Provide power for some time after a blackout has occurred.

 In addition, UPS/software combinations provide the following functions

1. Automatic shutdown of equipment during long power outages.
2. Monitoring and logging of the status of the power supply.
3. Display the Voltage/Current draw of the equipment.
4. Provide short circuit protection
5. Provide alarms on certain error conditions.


Q: How long can equipment on a UPS keep running after the power goes?
A: That depends on how big a UPS do you have and what kind of equipment it protects. For most typical computer workstations, one might have a UPS that was rated to keep the machine alive through a 15 minute power loss. If it is important for a machine to survive hours without power, one should probably look at a more robust power backup solution that includes a Solar chargers and Bigger battery banks. Even if a UPS powers a very small load, it must still operate its DC (battery) to AC converter (the inverter), which costs power.

Q: Given the same vendor claims, how can I tell a "good" quality UPS from a "poor" quality UPS?
A: Testing, testing, testing. I can't emphasize this enough. There are many good and bad units out there that call themselves UPSes. There are many good units that are wrong for your situation. Caveat Emptor.
Some properties you might look for include:
1. Sinusoidal power output. In general, the closer the AC output of the UPS is to a sine wave, the better it is for your equipment. Many UPS units, especially the cheaper ones, deviate a great deal from a sinusoidal output. Some of them generate square waves.
2.  Does the UPS have a manual bypass switch? If the UPS is broken or is being serviced, can you pass power through it to your equipment? The last thing you want is for a broken UPS to be the cause of extra downtime.
3.  The more information about a UPSes operation you can get from watching the unit itself, the better. How much power (or percentage load) the equipment is drawing, how much battery life is left and indications of the input power quality are all very useful.
4.  Some newer UPSes can communicate with their monitoring software via a network connection and SNMP. This is wonderful if your network is on a UPS. Also, beware, I have heard of dealers advertising "Network UPS" monitoring where the network is the normal serial connection.

 If you do have a UPS that does not output a sinusoidal waveform, I strongly urge you to not put a surge protector between the UPS and the computer. The surge protector might mistake the non-sine waveform as a power surge and try to send it to ground. This could be bad for your UPS, not to mention your equipment. I don't know if this has happened or not, but I wouldn't chance it.


TOPIC: How big a UPS do I need?

 

Q: How are the "sizes" of UPSes determined?
A: Typically, a UPS has a VA rating. The VA rating is the maximum number of Volts * Amps it can deliver. The VA rating is not the same as the power drain (in Watts) of the equipment. (This would be true if the load were only resistive or the circuit were DC, not AC). Computers are notoriously non-resistive. A typical PF (power factor: Watts/VA) for some computers may be as low as 0.6, which means that if you record a drain of 100 Watts, you need a power source with a VA rating of 167. Some literature suggests that 0.7 may be a good conversion factor, but this will depend heavily on the specific equipment. Moreover, there's really no way to determine these numbers besides measuring them.

Q: How can I tell what VA rating I need for my equipment?
A: First, when possible, get VA rather than wattage ratings.  There are a couple of ways to evaluate your electrical load:

 1. Direct measurement. You can get equipment to measure the current draw of your equipment directly. You may or may not have access to this. If you are part of an organization that has its own facilities/electrical type people, they're likely to be able to do this. They might help you out if you ask nice. If you're on a budget and don't want to shell out for a high-quality ammeter, you might want to dry a device called the "Kill A Watt" electric usage monitor made by P3 International.

2.  Compare notes. If you know someone with the same setup you're using, ask them what they use and how close they are to the maximum VA rating.

3. Use the equipment rating. Most pieces of computer equipment have a power rating on some back panel near where power cord enters the chassis. This number is usually very conservative, as it is necessary for the manufacturer to play it safe or they'll get sued. Also, these numbers generally represent a conservative estimate of total draw of the equipment when it is in its most power-hungry configuration. Typical device configurations may be less demanding.

Generally the 3rd Option is the best and most reliable to get an approx power requirement figure at homes. Please feel free to speak to me in case you require any assistance on the same.

Q: What else should I consider?
A: It would be nice to know how long your site's typical power outages are. In some places, with nice weather and a flaky power grid, the power is almost never out for more than 5 minutes, but this could happen quite frequently. In this case, you may as well use a UPS with a VA rating close to your equipment rating with no extra batteries. If your area has longer outages, in the half hour or hour range, as is often the case in thunderstorm areas like the coastal regions of karnataka, you can either buy UPSes with multiples of the VA rating of the equipment, since oversizing a VA rating for a UPS has the effect of lengthening the amount of time your equipment can stay up in case of a power outage, or you can buy additional battery units for a smaller UPS. You can probably get away with doing simple math to determine how much longer a larger UPS will keep your equipment running, but I recommend running a few tests before committing to a large purchase order.

 
Q: How about I use one of these UPS thingies for a laser printer?
A: Generally, this is not a good idea. If you ever measured the current draw of a laser printer during startup (and during printing) you'd likely be stunned at what it pulls. UPS manufacturers generally recommend that you not do this. Some UPSes are available that are specifically inteded for use with laser printers, but most don't. At the very least, don't do this unless you have carefully sized your equipment and your UPS vendor has committed to supporting this particular configuration.

Please feel free to write to wavedesignsystems@gmail.com on any information you are looking for in terms of technology or business whichever you are interested in.













Monday, August 22, 2011

FAQ's for WPTO Controller

  FAQ's on WPTO solar charge controllers

Adding an MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) solar charge controller to an existing system is a very popular upgrade these days as people improve and expand their systems. MPPT controllers will get the most out of your PV array, and actually are more beneficial in off-grid applications because they produce the most benefit in the cold winter months when the batteries tend to be at a lower state-of-charge—right when you need the energy the most!

1.MPPT solar charge controller schematic (What is MPPT?)
Solar arrays have a power curve with a maximum power point and the device that sets this point is called a Maximum Power Point Tracker.
A MPPT, or maximum power point tracker is an electronic DC to DC converter that optimizes the match between the solar array (PV panels), and the battery bank or utility grid. To put it simply, they convert a higher voltage DC output from solar panels (and a few wind generators) down to the lower voltage needed to charge batteries.
A maximum power point tracker (or MPPT) is a high efficiency DC to DC converter which functions as an optimal electrical load for a photovoltaic (PV) cell, most commonly for a solar panel or array, and converts the power to a voltage or current level which is more suitable to whatever load the system is designed to drive.


2.Main features of MPPT solar charge controller
In any applications which PV module is energy source, MPPT is used to correct for detecting the variations in the current-voltage characteristics of solar cell and shown by I-V curve.
MPPT solar charge controller is necessary for any solar power systems need to extract maximum power from PV module; it forces PV module to operate at voltage close to maximum power point to draw maximum available power.
MPPT allows users to use PV module with a higher voltage output than operating voltage of battery system.
For example, if PV module has to be placed far away from charge controller and battery, its wire size must be very large to reduce voltage drop. With a MPPT solar charge controller, users can wire PV module for 24 or 48 V (depending on charge controller and PV modules) and bring power into 12 or 24 V battery system. This means it reduces the wire size needed while retaining full output of PV module.
MPPT solar charge controller reduces complexity of system while output of system is high efficiency. Additionally, it can be applied to use with more energy sources. Since PV output power is used to control DC-DC converter directly.
MPPT solar charge controller can be applied to other renewable energy sources such as small water turbines, wind-power turbines, etc.

3.The benefits of MPPT solar charge controller
The benefits of MPPT solar charge controllers are greatest during cold weather, on cloudy or hazy days or when the battery is deeply discharged. Solar MPPT can also be used to drive motors directly from solar panels. The benefits seen are huge, especially if the motor load is continuously changing. This is due to the fact that the AC impedance across the motor is related to the motor's speed. The MPPT will switch the power to match the varying resistance.


4.Compare to the traditional solar charge controller
Maximum Power Point Tracking solar charge controllers (MPPT) are different than the traditional PWM solar charge controllers in that they are more efficient and in many cases more feature rich. MPPT solar charge controllers allow your solar panels to operate at their optimum power output voltage, improving their performance by as much as 30%.
The most traditional charge controller simply monitors the battery voltage and opens the circuit, stopping the charging, when the battery voltage rises to a certain level. Older charge controllers used a mechanical relay to open or close the circuit, stopping or starting power going to the batteries.Traditional Solar Inverters perform MPPT for an entire array as a whole. In such systems the same current, dictated by the inverter, flows though all panels in the string. But because different panels have different IV curves, i.e. different MPPs (due to manufacturing tolerance, partial shading, etc.) this architecture means some panels will be performing below their MPPT, resulting in the loss of energy.
A photovoltaic (PV) array is a constant current device. The current (amps) from a PV module remains relatively constant over a wide range of voltage. For example a typical 75-watt module delivers 4.45 amps at up to 17 volts when the sky is clear and temperature is cool. Traditional PV controllers connect the PV array directly to the battery until it reaches a full charge voltage. When this 75-watt module is connected directly to a battery in a low state of charge it will begin charging at 12 volts. The PV panel still provides about the same current, but, because PV output voltage is lower, it can only deliver 53 watts to the battery. This wastes up to 22 watts or 30% of the available power. MPPT charge controls use this extra voltage to boost charging amps to the battery.



5.Compared with normal solar charge controller by Schematic Diagram

MPPT solar charge controller Schematic Diagram: Picture 2 shows typical 12V battery solar charge system V-A curve.
Normal Solar Charge Controller: Solar Panel works at point A state, the solar panel working voltage is a little higher than battery voltage.
Charge Voltage: UA=13.2V
Charge Current:: IA=9.8A
Charge Power: PA=13.2*9.8=129.36w
Area in drawing: ①+③
MPPT Solar Charge Controller: Solar Panel works at point B state, the solar panel working voltage much higher than battery voltage.
Charge Voltage: UB=18.4V,
Charge Current:: IB=9.3A
Charge Power: PB=18.4*9.3=171.12w
Area in drawing: ①+② 





MPPT Schematic Diagram
Comparison: The power B is more than power A.
△P/ PA =(PB— PA)/ PA=32.3%
As a result of different manufacture of solar panels, different solar illumination intensity, different temperature, different efficiency of solar charge controller and so on. The effective power increase rate is 30%.

6.The price of MPPT solar charge controller
MPPT charge controllers are more expensive that PWM charge controllers, but the advantages are worth the cost. If you can afford it, you should definitely use an MPPT charge controller.

7. WPTO MPPT Technology
The WPTO utilizes Maximum Power Point Tracking technology to extract maximum power from the solar module (s). The tracking algorithm is fully automatic and does not require user adjustment, WPTO technology will track the array maximum power point voltage (Vmp) as it varies with weather conditions, ensuring that maximum power is harvested from the array through the course of the day.
  • Current Boost
In many cases, WPTO MPPT technology will “boost” the solar charge current. For example, a system may have 8 Amps of solar current flowing into the WPTO and 10 Amps of charge current flowing out to the battery. The WPTO does not create current! Rest assured that the power into the WPTO is the same as the power out of the WPTO. Since power is the product of voltage and current(Volts×Amps), the following is true:
  1. Power Into the WPTO-Power Out of theWPTO
  2. Volts In×Amps In=Volts Out×Amps Out
* Assuming 100% efficiency. Losses in wiring and conversion ignored.
If the solar module’s Vmp is greater that the battery voltage, it follows that the battery current must be proportionally greater than the solar input current so that input and output power are balanced. The greater the difference between the maximum power voltage and battery voltage, the greater the current boost. Current boost can be substantial in systems where the solar array is of a higher nominal voltage than the battery.

An Advantage Over Traditional Controllers
Traditional controllers connect the solar module directly to the battery when recharging. This requires that the solar module operate in a voltage range that is below the module’s Vmp. In a 12V system for exemple, the battery voltage may range from 11-15Vdc but the module’s Vmp is typically around 16 or 17V.
Figure 4-1 shows a typical current VS. voltage output curve for a nominal 12V off-grid module.
Current VS. Voltage in 12V system??? ??????? Output power in 12V system


The array Vmp is the voltage where the product of current and voltage (Amps×Volts) is greatest, which falls on the “knee” of the solar module I-V curve as shown in Figure4-1. Because Traditional controllers do not operte at the Vmp of the solar array, energy is wasted that could otherwise be used to charge the battery and power system loads. The greater the difference between battery voltage and the mp of the module, the more energy is wasted.
  WPTO MPPT technology will always operate at the Vmp resulting in less wasted energy compared to traditional controllers.
  • Conditions That Limits the Effectiveness of MPPT
The Vmp of a solar module decreases as the temperature of the module increases. In very hot weather, the Vmp may be close or even less than battery voltage. In this situation, there will be very little or no MPPT gain compared to traditional controllers. However, systems with modules of higher nominal voltage than the battery bank will always have an array Vmp greater than battery voltage. Additionally, the savings in wiring due to reduced solar current make MPPT worthwhile even in hot climates.

 Let me know if there are any more Questions on the same. 
Please mail to 
wavedesignsystems@gmail.com

Saturday, May 14, 2011

HOME POWER USING SOLAR


Wave Power Tracking and Optimizing TM (WPTO)

The Natural question to everybody's mind  would be
Why should I use Solar ?

This question has been answered to a great detail by many which boils down to the following
1. Environmental Impact
2. Financial Benefits
3. Energy Independence

Energy Independence is still a question mark since many applications which use solar energy depend on non renewable energy sources for sustained operation throughout the year. For e.g it's normal to see solar panels which heat up water for domestic usage, but the grouse of many users is it does not provide hot water when required i.e during rainy conditions and cold seasons. Another example is solar UPS system wherein the charging is not at all effective during cloudy conditions or rainy conditions, thereby using grid supply to charge the battery, thus creating a big gap of energy independence.

Also the conventional charging systems available in the market do not utilize the solar energy fully and effectively. Now the next question would definitely be HOW ? Read on

When a conventional controller is charging a discharged battery, it simply connects the Solar Panel modules directly to the battery. This forces the Solar panel modules to operate at battery voltage, typically not the ideal operating voltage at which the Solar  Panel modules are able to produce their maximum available power. The PV Module Power/Voltage/Current graph shows the traditional Current/Voltage curve for a typical 75W module at standard test conditions of 25°C cell temperature and 1000W/m2 of insolation. This graph also shows PV module power delivered vs module voltage. For the example shown, the conventional controller simply connects the module to the battery and therefore forces the module to operate at 12V. By forcing the 75W module to operate at 12V the conventional controller artificially limits power production to 53W. (Courtesy : Blue Sky Energy)

From this it is clear that even though the Solar Panels are much more capable, the available solutions  do not use them to their capacity which is a loss to the user who would be thinking his solar panel is getting utilized to it's capacity.

The following questions pop up in the user minds

1. Can we utilize the solar panels to it's MAX capacity ?
2. Can Solar panels be used in cloudy conditions ?

The answer is a big YES !!!!!!

using the to be patented Wave Power Tracking and Optimizing (WPTO) system from Wave Design systems
 
Wave Power Tracking & Optimizing is a microcontroller controlled DC/DC step down converter used by a solar power system to charge a 12v battery. It steps the higher solar panel voltage down to the charging voltage of the battery. The microprocessor tries to maximize the watts input from the solar panel by controlling the step down ratio to keep the solar panel operating at its Maximum Power Point (MPP).

In simple terms I always get the max output from the panel irrespective of the conditions outside on the panel be it extremely hot or cloudy or moderate conditions, which makes my charging of the battery complete faster than before and making my solar systems more efficient and my independence on the State provided electricity system.


What are the available solutions from Wave Design Systems 

1. Complete Solar system including the Wave Power Tracking & Optimizing (WPTO) controller with Pure Sine Wave inverter system starting from 1KVA capacity upto 3KVA.

The solar panel starts with 100W and can go upto 500 W depending on the electricity needs of the user. Can run upto 5 tubelights, 2 TV's, 1 Mixer(short time), Any electronic equipment like Blu Ray or DVD players, Laptops etc.

2.  Existing inverter users can be retrofit with Solar panels and WPTO controller to charge directly using Solar energy.

Read my other blog on the Pure Sine Wave Inverter used in combo to make a Grid Inter Tie system


For Further Details Please Contact


wavedesignsystems@gmail.com